How Computers Handle Numbers
This could be called "Computer Arithmetic Uncovered". It will describe how computers store and process integers and floating point numbers, and also the exceptions that might arise and what they mean. The intent is to explain how modern computers handle numbers, and how to get reliable answers for a reasonable amount of effort.
People should read these before looking at any of the other references.
Basic numerical analysis course notes
Advanced numerical analysis course notes
Most people should NOT read these, as the course describes how to avoid getting caught up in these messes.